This is such a broad question. A buffer overflow isn't purely a function of
XP in itself but rather certain components of the OS or third party
applications. If there's an application with a known buffer overflow, and
only a few select people (read: "hackers") know about. So, let's say they
exploit it. There won't be a way for you to prevent it unless a patch was
released beforehand.
The short answer is: you can't prevent buffer overflows without patches.
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