There is a diode in that path, that also functions as
reverse polarity protection. Go to page 18 of this document, and
look at diode D3 in the bottom left hand corner of page 18. if
the battery were reversed, the D3 diode would be reverse biased,
and the current could not flow.
http://www.intel.com/design/chipsets/designex/BXDPDG10.htm
Also, as a result of that diode, plopping the battery in
backwards, isn't that effective. The provided CMOS jumper,
applied to the three pin header shown in that schematic, is
effective at doing its job. It won't take long to
drain the CMOS well. It's a bit harder, on the motherboards
that provide solder pads and no header pins, to consistently
hold the connection long enough, to complete
the draining. But if you have a header to work with,
that is just as good at sitting in a holding pattern, as
jamming the battery in backwards.
Paul