Hi,
I have 4 GB of memory (4096 MB) installed and it is being reported by
Windows Vista Ultimate as 3582 MB. If the claim that other hardware use
some
of this memory how it comes that you get the correct value if you install
2048 MB?
The hardware is not using memory, it is using some of the 4GB of address
space available in a 32-bit operating system. There is 4GB of address space
by default. Some of this, depending on the hardware it might be anywhere
from .5GB to 1.3GB, is used by the system to address the components. The
remainder is given over to the physically installed ram. What you see
reported by Windows is the difference (4GB minus that reserved by the
system) whenever the amount of installed ram exceeds the number of addresses
available to allocate to it.
And a 32-bit os can see up to 4096 of ram, or not?
It can, but - and this is a big "but" - without remapping the system address
space above the 4GB mark (a BIOS setting), some of the available address
space will be used by it. What remains is allocated to system memory for
use. You get to see and use the difference in these figures. Remember, that
"theoretical" is not the same as "practical". You can theoretically use 4GB,
but in practice you really get between 2.7-3.3GB.
Is there a hole somewhere or I just can’t see where my mistake in this
calculation is?
The "hole" so to speak is that the original design of hardware address
allocation was placed at a level above what was ever concieved to be used by
physical memory. Some BIOS' have the option to reallocate around the memory
hole which will release more addresses for system memory. Whether or not
your system supports this remapping depends on the manufacturer.
--
Best of Luck,
Rick Rogers, aka "Nutcase" - Microsoft MVP
Windows help -
www.rickrogers.org
My thoughts
http://rick-mvp.blogspot.com
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