Word doesn't do bleeds. You can place a picture so the edge of it is off the
page by positioning it by numbers. The bleed will actually be there if you
create a pdf. You can use pitstop in Acrobat to enlarge the page bounding box
and then remove the mask so that the bleed part of the picture shows.
However, if you print straight from word you won't get any bleed.
The other option is to make your page 8.75x11.25, create your bleed, and
then print onto a larger piece of paper and trim it down to 8.5x11.