You can buy a third-party program suitable for your motherboard/CPU.
Windows can't do this natively.
I used Motherboard Monitor (MBM 5) for my EPoX mobo for about a year. I
lost the program when I lost a HD volume a few months ago. Just added it
back today and am still setting it up again. The mobo has temp sensors, but
I only see them for a moment when it starts to boot (and the CPU is still
cold) and when I'm in the BIOS (when the computer isn't really doing
anything).