It is unclear from your post whether you want exactly 16 digits to be
entered or a maximum of 16 digits to be entered. The formula below assumes
the maximum of 16 digits (change the <= to = for exactly 16 digits).
Select the cell, cells or entire column (as appropriate), click
Data/DataValidation on Excel's menu bar, change the Allow drop-down to
Custom and use this formula in Formula field...
=AND(LEN(A1)<=16,ISNUMBER(A1))
Change the A1 reference to the address of the first cell in the range you
have selected.