It prevents an error from being generated if there are empty cells *within*
the range.
Try this little experiment:
A1 = A
A2 = A
A3 = B
A4 = C
A5 = A
Enter this formula in B1 and copy down to B5:
=A1<>""
Enter this formula in C1 and copy down to C5:
=COUNTIF(A$1:A$5,A1)
Enter this formula in D1 and copy down to D5:
=B1/C1
Enter this formula in E1:
=SUM(D1

5)
One thing you'll notice is the sum = 3 when you might think it should be
2.9999999999999999999~.
Now, try this:
Clear the contents of cell A3. See what happened?
Now, try this:
Change the formula in C1 and copy down to C5:
=COUNTIF(A$1:A$5,A1&"")
See what the &"" does?
Now, for something really strange that I can't really explain (although I
have an idea)
Insert a new sheet (or try this on a sheet that has not been used yet)
Enter some stuff in a few cells:
A1 = A
A2 = A
A3 = B
Now enter this formula in B1:
=SUMPRODUCT(--(A1:A10<>"")/COUNTIF(A1:A10,A1:A10&""))
Did you get a #DIV/0! error?
Now, enter something in A10. The #DIV/0! error disappears! (as expected)
Now, clear the contents of cell A10.
Biff