In this sort of case I'd first be inclined to try and find out exactly what
that HP installer did. Was it a straightforward driver, or a setup-program
that installed other (probably unwanted) things along with the driver?
In my experience, Windows never likes situations where two LAN cards have
IPs in the same subnet range, its routing gets confused. (although you can do
this on Linux without probs) However, that shouldn't lead to the server
restarting. The fact that it is suggests a damaged TCP/IP stack, LAN driver,
or perhaps a faulty card. Have you reseated the cards? Obvious but often
overlooked. Maybe one was dislodged when connecting the printer.
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Shameless Plug: If you don't want to delve into the complexities of a
domain, but at the same time you'd rather have some degree of logon-security
over the server, then
http://mylogon.net could be helpful.